Islamic Inheritance Calculator (Al-Fara'id)
Free and accurate Islamic inheritance calculator. Enter the heirs and estate value to instantly get each heir's Sharia-compliant share. Based on Quran and Sunnah rules.
Note: This is a simplified calculator covering basic family structures (Spouses, Parents, Children) assuming children exist. For complex cases, please consult an expert.
The Comprehensive Jurisprudential & Legal Guide to Islamic Inheritance and Estate Partition
Islamic inheritance law (Ilm al-Faraid) is recognized across civil and religious jurisdictions as one of the most meticulously codified legal disciplines. The Quran uniquely specifies fractional entitlements directly in Surat An-Nisa, establishing equitable succession rules that prevent intergenerational wealth disputes and secure financial protections for surviving dependents.
1. Quranic Shares, Residuaries, and the Law of Exclusion (Hajb)
Heirs are categorized into fixed quota recipients (Ashab al-Furud) and residuary beneficiaries (Asaba). Fixed shares represent distinct fractions (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 2/3, 1/3, 1/6) granted to parents, spouses, and daughters. Residuaries inherit the remaining balance. Crucially, the doctrine of exclusion (Hajb) dictates that closer relatives preclude more distant kin, such as sons precluding grandsons and brothers.
2. The Pre-Partition Liquidation Sequence: Liabilities & Wills
Before any asset is allocated to heirs, four sequential legal obligations must be resolved: funeral arrangements, secured and personal debt repayments, and valid bequests (capped at one-third of net wealth and strictly restricted from named legal heirs). The resulting residue constitutes the distributable estate.
3. Direct Compatibility with Ministry of Justice & Najiz Standards
The computational matrix driving Uddati's inheritance engine mirrors the statutory algorithms utilized by the Saudi Ministry of Justice (Najiz) and regional family probate courts. It handles complex multi-generational heir structures, fractional re-scaling (Awl and Radd), and displays exact monetary distributions with complete legal transparency.
Frequently Asked Questions About Inheritance Calculations
What is the mandatory legal sequence for estate settlement before distributing shares?
Islamic jurisprudence mandates four strict sequential steps: 1) Funeral and burial costs, 2) Settling all secured and personal liabilities/debts, 3) Executing legal bequests (Wasiyyah) capped at one-third to non-heirs, and 4) Distributing the net residue among prescribed heirs.
What is the wife's prescribed share in the presence or absence of children?
A wife (or wives shared equally) inherits one-fourth (1/4) of the net estate if the deceased husband has no direct descendants (children or grandchildren), and one-eighth (1/8) if there are surviving descendants.
What is the difference between Ashab al-Furud (Fixed Shares) and Asaba (Residuaries)?
Ashab al-Furud are heirs entitled to specific Quranic fractions (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 2/3, 1/3, 1/6). Asaba (residuaries) claim the entirety of the remainder after fixed quotas are fulfilled, or the whole estate if no fixed share heirs exist.
When are siblings and paternal uncles excluded (Hajb al-Hirman) from inheritance?
Siblings are completely excluded from inheritance in the presence of the deceased's father or male direct descendants (sons or grandsons). Uncles are similarly excluded by closer agnatic kin like sons, fathers, or brothers.
Are the calculations aligned with official court benchmarks like Saudi Najiz?
Yes. The mathematical logic embedded in Uddati adheres strictly to consensus Islamic Faraid rules and statutory inheritance tables implemented by judicial estate departments across Saudi Arabia and the GCC.